Langmuir Troughs

 

We have several Langmuir troughs build by KSV Ltd. (shown above), Kibron Inc. or homebuilt (below):

 

 

All can measure interfacial properties (surface pressure, potential, etc) the main difference is given by the size of the through, thus amount of compound needed for measurements. Another difference is that the homebuilt though is using an ionizing electrode (241Am) while KSV and Kibron throughs are using a vibrating electrode.